{"id":11732,"date":"2023-05-18T17:30:21","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T09:30:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/?p=11732"},"modified":"2025-07-15T13:33:24","modified_gmt":"2025-07-15T05:33:24","slug":"mold-runner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pt\/guides\/mold-runner\/","title":{"rendered":"Corredor e sub-corredor do molde: O que s\u00e3o e considera\u00e7\u00f5es sobre o projeto"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nas nossas discuss\u00f5es anteriores, explor\u00e1mos o conceito de moldes<\/strong><\/a> como parte integrante do sistema de alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Hoje, vamos aprofundar a estrutura seguinte deste sistema - o corredor e o sub-corredor do molde. Tal como o sprue, muitos projectistas de moldes<\/strong><\/a> muitas vezes ignoram a estrutura dos canais e subcanais devido aos seus padr\u00f5es de conce\u00e7\u00e3o fixos e relativamente simples. Se quiser tornar-se um designer de moldes de topo e fornecer moldes de alta qualidade que satisfa\u00e7am os clientes, domine todos os pormenores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O que \u00e9 o corredor e o sub-corredor?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Como de costume, vamos primeiro rever todo o sistema de alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o para uma melhor compreens\u00e3o deste artigo. O sistema de alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 composto por estruturas que transferem o pl\u00e1stico derretido do cilindro da m\u00e1quina de moldagem por inje\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/a> no cavidade do molde<\/strong><\/a>. Depois de ejetar o pl\u00e1stico derretido do bocal da m\u00e1quina, o pl\u00e1stico derretido passa atrav\u00e9s do canal de entrada, do canal de sa\u00edda, do sub-canal e do port\u00e3o<\/strong><\/a>e, finalmente, preenche a cavidade para formar pe\u00e7as de pl\u00e1stico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Assim, o canal \u00e9 a passagem entre o canal de entrada e a porta, servindo como sec\u00e7\u00e3o de transi\u00e7\u00e3o onde o pl\u00e1stico fundido flui do canal de entrada para a cavidade, respons\u00e1vel por redirecionar suavemente o fluxo da massa fundida. Nos moldes com v\u00e1rias cavidades, desempenha um papel na distribui\u00e7\u00e3o da massa fundida por cada cavidade. \u00c9 de notar que nos moldes de cavidade \u00fanica, os canais n\u00e3o s\u00e3o geralmente inclu\u00eddos, o que est\u00e1 relacionado com a disposi\u00e7\u00e3o da cavidade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Sistema
Sistema de alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Directrizes de conce\u00e7\u00e3o para os canais de moldes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A forma da sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal do canal do molde<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal retangular: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Os canais de forma retangular s\u00e3o comuns. Oferecem vantagens como a facilidade de fabrico, a simplicidade de conce\u00e7\u00e3o das ferramentas e a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o uniforme do fluxo. As dimens\u00f5es da sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal retangular podem ser ajustadas com base nos requisitos espec\u00edficos de moldagem da pe\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal trapezoidal: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

As corredi\u00e7as de formato trapezoidal s\u00e3o outra op\u00e7\u00e3o no design das corredi\u00e7as do molde. Esta forma ajuda a promover um melhor fluxo e reduz a queda de press\u00e3o, resultando num melhor preenchimento das cavidades do molde. A extremidade mais larga do trap\u00e9zio \u00e9 normalmente ligada ao canal de entrada, enquanto a extremidade mais estreita \u00e9 ligada \u00e0 porta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal circular: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Nalguns casos, os canais circulares podem ser a primeira escolha. Estes canais oferecem excelentes caracter\u00edsticas de fluxo e s\u00e3o particularmente adequados para pe\u00e7as com geometrias complexas ou quando \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio um fluxo equilibrado. O di\u00e2metro da sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal circular deve ser cuidadosamente determinado para garantir um fluxo \u00f3timo e minimizar a perda de press\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal semicircular: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Um rotor de forma semi-circular apresenta um perfil de meio-c\u00edrculo. Esta forma promove um fluxo de material suave e ajuda a minimizar a queda de press\u00e3o. \u00c9 frequentemente utilizado quando o fluxo equilibrado e a perda de press\u00e3o reduzida s\u00e3o cr\u00edticos. O di\u00e2metro da sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal semi-circular deve ser adequadamente dimensionado para acomodar os requisitos de fluxo do processo espec\u00edfico de moldagem por inje\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal em forma de U: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Um corredor em forma de U tem um fundo curvo e duas paredes verticais que formam a forma de um \"U\". Esta conce\u00e7\u00e3o facilita o fluxo eficiente do material e permite uma separa\u00e7\u00e3o mais f\u00e1cil do sistema de canais da pe\u00e7a moldada. A sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal em forma de \"U\" \u00e9 normalmente utilizada quando se pretende uma remo\u00e7\u00e3o f\u00e1cil do sistema de canais ou quando a porta est\u00e1 localizada na parte inferior da pe\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"tipos
Tipos de sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal do canal do molde<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A sele\u00e7\u00e3o da forma da sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal depende de factores como as propriedades do material, o design da pe\u00e7a, a disposi\u00e7\u00e3o do molde e os requisitos de produ\u00e7\u00e3o. Cada forma tem as suas vantagens e \u00e9 escolhida com base nas necessidades espec\u00edficas do processo de moldagem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O tamanho dos canais e sub-canais do molde<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A forma e o tamanho das corredi\u00e7as do molde dependem de v\u00e1rios factores, incluindo o design do produto, a constru\u00e7\u00e3o do molde e os requisitos espec\u00edficos do processo de moldagem por inje\u00e7\u00e3o. Embora o tamanho do produto e a espessura da parede possam influenciar o design da corredi\u00e7a, n\u00e3o \u00e9 exato dizer que corredi\u00e7as de maior sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal s\u00e3o sempre mais eficazes para facilitar o processo de enchimento. O comportamento do fluxo de material, a geometria da pe\u00e7a, a localiza\u00e7\u00e3o da porta e os par\u00e2metros do processo determinam a conce\u00e7\u00e3o ideal do canal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al\u00e9m disso, o comprimento do canal n\u00e3o afecta diretamente a viscosidade do pl\u00e1stico. As propriedades do material e as condi\u00e7\u00f5es de processamento determinam principalmente a viscosidade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Materiais<\/td>Di\u00e2metro dos corredores (mm)<\/td><\/tr>
ABS<\/strong><\/a> \/ SAN(AS)<\/td>4.8~9.5<\/td><\/tr>
POM<\/strong><\/a><\/td>3.0~10<\/td><\/tr>
ACR\u00cdLICO<\/strong><\/a><\/td>1.6~10<\/td><\/tr>
CA<\/td>1.6~11<\/td><\/tr>
PA66<\/strong><\/a><\/td>1.6~10<\/td><\/tr>
PPO<\/td>6.4~10<\/td><\/tr>
PPS<\/td>6.4~13<\/td><\/tr>
PC<\/strong><\/a><\/td>4.8~10<\/td><\/tr>
PE<\/strong><\/a><\/td>4.8~9.5<\/td><\/tr>
PP<\/strong><\/a><\/td>1.6~10<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Di\u00e2metro recomendado do corredor para pl\u00e1stico comum <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Um canal bem concebido pode ter um impacto significativo no desempenho global e na efici\u00eancia do processo de moldagem por inje\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Disposi\u00e7\u00e3o dos canais e sub-canais do molde<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Existem dois tipos de disposi\u00e7\u00f5es de canais de molde: equilibrados e desequilibrados. Num sistema de canais equilibrados, o comprimento, a forma e as dimens\u00f5es da sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal dos canais, desde o jito at\u00e9 cada cavidade, s\u00e3o concebidos para serem iguais. Isto ajuda a alcan\u00e7ar o equil\u00edbrio t\u00e9rmico e o equil\u00edbrio do fluxo de pl\u00e1stico em cada cavidade, resultando numa pe\u00e7a de qualidade consistente. Por outro lado, um sistema de canais desbalanceados permite que o pl\u00e1stico entre em cada cavidade em momentos diferentes, levando a varia\u00e7\u00f5es no processo de enchimento e potencialmente produzindo pe\u00e7as diferentes. No entanto, os sistemas de canais desbalanceados podem oferecer vantagens, tais como arranjos de cavidades mais compactos, tamanho reduzido do molde e comprimento total do canal mais curto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Disposi\u00e7\u00e3o
Disposi\u00e7\u00e3o equilibrada dos corredores<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Disposi\u00e7\u00e3o
Disposi\u00e7\u00e3o desequilibrada dos corredores<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Quer o sistema de canais seja equilibrado ou desequilibrado, \u00e9 importante assegurar que as cavidades sejam sim\u00e9tricas em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao centro da base do molde. Isto assegura que o centro projetado das cavidades e dos canais se alinhe com o centro da for\u00e7a de aperto da m\u00e1quina de inje\u00e7\u00e3o. Ao faz\u00ea-lo, podemos evitar momentos de inclina\u00e7\u00e3o adicionais durante uma inje\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Um sistema de canais balanceados \u00e9 vantajoso porque permite uma inje\u00e7\u00e3o consistente e press\u00e3o de reten\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/a> em todas as cavidades. Isto \u00e9 particularmente ben\u00e9fico para moldes com v\u00e1rias cavidades onde se pretende manter a uniformidade na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de todos os produtos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Princ\u00edpios de conce\u00e7\u00e3o de corredores e sub-corredores<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Assegurar que o pl\u00e1stico fundido entra rapidamente na cavidade com a dist\u00e2ncia mais curta e a perda m\u00ednima de press\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Permitir a alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o simult\u00e2nea da massa fundida na cavidade a partir de v\u00e1rias portas em condi\u00e7\u00f5es id\u00eanticas de temperatura e press\u00e3o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Embora as \u00e1reas de sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal maiores facilitem a moldagem e garantam uma press\u00e3o de enchimento adequada, tendo em conta a poupan\u00e7a de material, procure \u00e1reas de sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal mais pequenas para minimizar o consumo de pl\u00e1stico, o que tamb\u00e9m reduz o tempo de arrefecimento.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Para conservar o material e facilitar o arrefecimento, procure obter uma rela\u00e7\u00e3o superf\u00edcie\/volume m\u00ednima nas corredi\u00e7as.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. A rugosidade da superf\u00edcie das corredi\u00e7as n\u00e3o deve ser demasiado baixa para evitar o arrastamento de material frio para a cavidade; normalmente, um valor Ra de 1,6 \u03bcm \u00e9 suficiente.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. As corredi\u00e7as e as comportas s\u00e3o normalmente ligadas com declives e arcos, promovendo o fluxo e o enchimento do pl\u00e1stico fundido e reduzindo a resist\u00eancia ao fluxo.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u00c9 necess\u00e1rio projetar o sub-corredor no projeto do corredor do molde?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Um sub-canal \u00e9 normalmente utilizado quando \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio dividir o fluxo de pl\u00e1stico fundido em diferentes direc\u00e7\u00f5es dentro da cavidade do molde. Pode ajudar a facilitar o enchimento de moldes complexos ou com v\u00e1rias cavidades, direccionando o fluxo para \u00e1reas ou componentes espec\u00edficos da pe\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    No entanto, nalguns casos, um design simples de canal sem um sub-canal pode ser suficiente para atingir o enchimento do molde e a qualidade da pe\u00e7a pretendidos. A incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o ou n\u00e3o de um sub-canal depende dos requisitos espec\u00edficos do desenho da pe\u00e7a e do processo de moldagem por inje\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Descubra qual \u00e9 o canal e o subcanal do molde e compreenda as suas directrizes de conce\u00e7\u00e3o, do b\u00e1sico ao avan\u00e7ado.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":11735,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[60],"class_list":["post-11732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","tag-injection-mold-component"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMold Runner And Sub-Runner | Primary Design Tips<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Figure out what the runner and sub-runner are in the mold and understand their design guidelines, from basic to advanced.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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