{"id":19377,"date":"2024-05-07T15:49:17","date_gmt":"2024-05-07T07:49:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/?p=19377"},"modified":"2025-07-18T11:56:53","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T03:56:53","slug":"flash-in-injection-molding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/flash-in-injection-molding\/","title":{"rendered":"Flash w formowaniu wtryskowym Analiza i rozwi\u0105zania | Wady formowania wtryskowego"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/injection-molding-defects\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Wady formowania wtryskowego<\/strong><\/a> to problemy, kt\u00f3re mo\u017ce napotka\u0107 ka\u017cda fabryka form wtryskowych podczas procesu formowania. B\u0142ysk jest powszechn\u0105 wad\u0105 formowania wtryskowego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/The-appearance-of-common-flash-in-injection-molding-production.webp\" alt=\"Pojawienie si\u0119 typowej lampy b\u0142yskowej w produkcji form wtryskowych\" class=\"wp-image-31388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/The-appearance-of-common-flash-in-injection-molding-production.webp 1200w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/The-appearance-of-common-flash-in-injection-molding-production-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/The-appearance-of-common-flash-in-injection-molding-production-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/The-appearance-of-common-flash-in-injection-molding-production-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/The-appearance-of-common-flash-in-injection-molding-production-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/The-appearance-of-common-flash-in-injection-molding-production-600x338.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dla projektant\u00f3w produkt\u00f3w lub konstrukcji, zrozumienie b\u0142ysku i innych wad formowania wtryskowego pomaga im ulepszy\u0107 metody projektowania i akceptowa\u0107 gotowe produkty lub cz\u0119\u015bci z fabryk formowania wtryskowego (patrz standardy akceptacji formowania wtryskowego).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dla fabryk form i wtryskarek, analiza b\u0142ysku i perfekcyjne rozwi\u0105zywanie tej wady jest podstawow\u0105 umiej\u0119tno\u015bci\u0105. Ka\u017cdy praktyk formowania wtryskowego ma obowi\u0105zek opanowa\u0107 wszystkie wady formowania wtryskowego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Poni\u017cej znajduje si\u0119 tabela typowych wad formowania wtryskowego i linki do nich, kt\u00f3re zainteresowani przyjaciele mog\u0105 klikn\u0105\u0107 w celu dog\u0142\u0119bnego zrozumienia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\">Poznaj r\u00f3\u017cne wady formowania wtryskowego<\/th><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Flash<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/short-shot-in-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Kr\u00f3tki strza\u0142<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/sink-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Sink Mark<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/warpage-in-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Wypaczenie\/Deformacja<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/burn-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Burn Mark<\/strong><\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/splay-marks-silver-streaks-in-injeciton-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Splay Mark\/Silver Streak<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/black-spots-and-black-specks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Ciemny punkt\/czarna plamka<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/flow-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Flow Mark<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/bubbles\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Ba\u0144ka<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/weld-lines\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Weld Line<\/strong><\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/uneven-color-and-color-difference\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>R\u00f3\u017cnica kolor\u00f3w\/nier\u00f3wny kolor<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/ejector-pin-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Znak sworznia wyrzutnika<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-flash-in-injection-molding\">Czym jest b\u0142ysk w formowaniu wtryskowym?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Wyp\u0142ywki na cz\u0119\u015bciach z tworzyw sztucznych, znane r\u00f3wnie\u017c jako zadziory lub wyp\u0142ywki, odnosz\u0105 si\u0119 do dodatkowego materia\u0142u wytwarzanego podczas procesu formowania, gdy stopiony plastik wchodzi w szczelin\u0119 formy. Ten dodatkowy materia\u0142 zwykle znajduje si\u0119 na kraw\u0119dzi lub powierzchni cz\u0119\u015bci z tworzywa sztucznego i wydaje si\u0119 ostry, st\u0105d nazwa \"b\u0142ysk\" - jak pokazano na poni\u017cszym obrazku:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"489\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/flash-in-injection-molded-plastic-parts.webp\" alt=\"B\u0142ysk w plastikowych cz\u0119\u015bciach formowanych wtryskowo\" class=\"wp-image-19379\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/flash-in-injection-molded-plastic-parts.webp 1000w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/flash-in-injection-molded-plastic-parts-300x147.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/flash-in-injection-molded-plastic-parts-768x376.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/flash-in-injection-molded-plastic-parts-18x9.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">B\u0142ysk w plastikowych cz\u0119\u015bciach formowanych wtryskowo<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Wyp\u0142ywki na cz\u0119\u015bciach z tworzyw sztucznych wyst\u0119puj\u0105 g\u0142\u00f3wnie w miejscu podzia\u0142u formy, takim jak powierzchnia podzia\u0142u formy, pasowanie \u015blizgowe formy. <a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/guides\/what-is-an-injection-mold-slider\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>suwak<\/strong><\/a>odst\u0119p <a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/guides\/mold-inserts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>wk\u0142adka<\/strong><\/a>i otw\u00f3r <a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/guides\/ejector-pin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>sworze\u0144 wyrzutnika<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-impact-of-flash-on-plastic-parts\">Wp\u0142yw lampy b\u0142yskowej na cz\u0119\u015bci plastikowe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Obecno\u015b\u0107 wyp\u0142ywek mo\u017ce wp\u0142ywa\u0107 na jako\u015b\u0107 i wygl\u0105d cz\u0119\u015bci z tworzyw sztucznych, a nawet na ich wydajno\u015b\u0107 i \u017cywotno\u015b\u0107. Je\u015bli te przelewy nie zostan\u0105 usuni\u0119te na czas, b\u0119d\u0105 si\u0119 dalej rozszerza\u0107, odciskaj\u0105c si\u0119 na formie i powoduj\u0105c miejscowe osiadanie, powoduj\u0105c trwa\u0142e uszkodzenia. B\u0142ysk w szczelinie wk\u0142adki i otworze sworznia wypychacza mo\u017ce r\u00f3wnie\u017c spowodowa\u0107 zablokowanie cz\u0119\u015bci w formie, wp\u0142ywaj\u0105c na <a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tips\/demolding-process\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>rozk\u0142adanie<\/strong><\/a>. Dlatego podczas produkcji cz\u0119\u015bci z tworzyw sztucznych nale\u017cy podj\u0105\u0107 \u015brodki w celu kontroli i ograniczenia wyst\u0119powania wyp\u0142ywek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-acceptance-standards-for-flash-on-plastic-parts\">Normy akceptacji dla b\u0142ysku na cz\u0119\u015bciach z tworzyw sztucznych<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015aci\u015ble rzecz bior\u0105c, b\u0142ysk jest nieunikniony, ale wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 plastikowych nadlew\u00f3w jest znikoma. W zwi\u0105zku z tym nale\u017cy ustali\u0107 pewien standard jako punkt odniesienia przy przyjmowaniu cz\u0119\u015bci plastikowych. Og\u00f3lnie rzecz bior\u0105c, w przypadku produkt\u00f3w o wysokich wymaganiach flash nie powinien przekracza\u0107 <strong>0,05 mm<\/strong>W przypadku produkt\u00f3w o ni\u017cszych wymaganiach lampa b\u0142yskowa nie powinna przekracza\u0107 <strong>0,1 mm<\/strong>. Standard akceptacji powinien zosta\u0107 potwierdzony na podstawie rzeczywistego u\u017cytkowania produktu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Acceptance-Criteria-for-Flash-During-Customer-Inspection-of-Injection-Molded-Products.webp\" alt=\"Kryteria akceptacji dla b\u0142ysku podczas kontroli produkt\u00f3w formowanych wtryskowo przez klienta\" class=\"wp-image-31386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Acceptance-Criteria-for-Flash-During-Customer-Inspection-of-Injection-Molded-Products.webp 1280w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Acceptance-Criteria-for-Flash-During-Customer-Inspection-of-Injection-Molded-Products-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Acceptance-Criteria-for-Flash-During-Customer-Inspection-of-Injection-Molded-Products-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Acceptance-Criteria-for-Flash-During-Customer-Inspection-of-Injection-Molded-Products-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Acceptance-Criteria-for-Flash-During-Customer-Inspection-of-Injection-Molded-Products-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Acceptance-Criteria-for-Flash-During-Customer-Inspection-of-Injection-Molded-Products-600x338.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-causes-and-solutions-for-flash-in-injection-molding\">Przyczyny i rozwi\u0105zania dla b\u0142ysku w formowaniu wtryskowym<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Four-Common-Factors-Causing-Flash-in-Injection-Molding.webp\" alt=\"Cztery najcz\u0119stsze czynniki powoduj\u0105ce b\u0142ysk w formowaniu wtryskowym\" class=\"wp-image-31387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Four-Common-Factors-Causing-Flash-in-Injection-Molding.webp 1280w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Four-Common-Factors-Causing-Flash-in-Injection-Molding-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Four-Common-Factors-Causing-Flash-in-Injection-Molding-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Four-Common-Factors-Causing-Flash-in-Injection-Molding-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Four-Common-Factors-Causing-Flash-in-Injection-Molding-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Four-Common-Factors-Causing-Flash-in-Injection-Molding-600x338.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-material-factors\">1. Czynniki materialne<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-analysis\">Analiza:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460 Tworzywo sztuczne ma zbyt dobr\u0105 p\u0142ynno\u015b\u0107, a lepko\u015b\u0107 stopu jest zbyt niska, przez co jest podatne na zap\u0142on. Na przyk\u0142ad polietylen (PE) i polipropylen (PP). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461 Surowiec z tworzywa sztucznego ma nier\u00f3wn\u0105 ziarnisto\u015b\u0107, co skutkuje niestabilnym podawaniem, prowadz\u0105cym do niepe\u0142nego wype\u0142nienia lub zap\u0142onu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2462 Surowce z tworzyw sztucznych o wysokiej absorpcji wody rozk\u0142adaj\u0105 si\u0119 w wysokich temperaturach, zmniejszaj\u0105c lepko\u015b\u0107 stopu i powoduj\u0105c zap\u0142on, takie jak PA, ABS, PC, PMMA itp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Wskaz\u00f3wki: Kliknij linki, aby sprawdzi\u0107 informacje o \"<a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/pe-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Formowanie wtryskowe PE<\/strong><\/a>\u201c, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/pp-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Formowanie wtryskowe PP<\/strong><\/a>\u201c, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/pa-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Formowanie wtryskowe PA<\/strong><\/a>\u201c, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/abs-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Formowanie wtryskowe ABS<\/strong><\/a>\u201c, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/pc-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Formowanie wtryskowe PC<\/strong><\/a>\", oraz \"<a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/pmma-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Formowanie wtryskowe PMMA<\/strong><\/a>\".<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-solution\">Rozwi\u0105zanie:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2776 Zmiana materia\u0142u lub dodanie dodatk\u00f3w w celu zmniejszenia p\u0142ynno\u015bci. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2777 U\u017cywaj materia\u0142\u00f3w o jednolitej ziarnisto\u015bci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Przyczyny zwi\u0105zane z materia\u0142ami wymagaj\u0105 od projektant\u00f3w produkt\u00f3w lub os\u00f3b zajmuj\u0105cych si\u0119 formami zrozumienia w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci wi\u0119kszo\u015bci materia\u0142\u00f3w. Poni\u017csza tabela przedstawia p\u0142ynno\u015b\u0107 powszechnie stosowanych tworzyw sztucznych:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Nazwa materia\u0142u<\/th><th>P\u0142ynno\u015b\u0107<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Polietylen (PE)<\/td><td>Wysoki<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polipropylen (PP)<\/td><td>Wysoki<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polistyren (PS)<\/td><td>Wysoki<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Akrylonitryl-butadien-styren (ABS)<\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Poliamid (PA)<\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Poliw\u0119glan (PC<a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/guides\/pc-plastic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>)<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polioksymetylen (POM)<\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Politereftalan etylenu (PET)<\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Politereftalan butylenu (PBT)<\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Poliuretan (PU)<\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polichlorek winylu (PVC)<\/td><td>Niski<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polichlorek winylidenu (PVDC)<\/td><td>Niski<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polioctan winylu (PVA)<\/td><td>Niski<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polimetakrylan metylu (PMMA)<\/td><td>Niski<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kopolimer polipropylenowo-etylenowy (PPE)<\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polisulfon (PSU)<\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polieteroeteroketon (PEEK)<\/td><td>Niski<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polidimetylosiloksan (PDMS)<\/td><td>Niski<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Etylen-octan winylu (EVA)<\/td><td>\u015aredni<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Elastomer termoplastyczny (TPE)<\/td><td>Wysoki<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-mold-factors\">2. Czynniki ple\u015bni<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-analysis-0\">Analiza:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460 Precyzja powierzchni podzia\u0142u formy jest niska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ruchoma p\u0142yta jest zdeformowana i wypaczona, cia\u0142a obce utkn\u0119\u0142y na powierzchni podzia\u0142u lub wok\u00f3\u0142 podstawy formy znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 wystaj\u0105ce zadziory. Stara forma ma osiadanie zm\u0119czeniowe wok\u00f3\u0142 wn\u0119ki z powodu wcze\u015bniejszego wyciskania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461 The <a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/tag\/mold-design\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>projekt formy<\/strong><\/a> jest nierozs\u0105dne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Konstrukcja wn\u0119ki jest \u017ale dopasowana, co powoduje napr\u0119\u017cenie po jednej stronie formy podczas wtrysku, powoduj\u0105c wyp\u0142yw.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2462 Forma ma s\u0142ab\u0105 r\u00f3wnoleg\u0142o\u015b\u0107, jest zamontowana nier\u00f3wnolegle, p\u0142yta jest nier\u00f3wnoleg\u0142a lub pr\u0119ty \u0142\u0105cz\u0105ce maj\u0105 nier\u00f3wnomierny rozk\u0142ad si\u0142y i nier\u00f3wnomierne odkszta\u0142cenie, co powoduje niepe\u0142ne zamkni\u0119cie formy, skutkuj\u0105ce wyp\u0142ywem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2463 Precyzja dopasowania rdzenia \u015blizgowego jest niska, a sta\u0142y rdze\u0144 i wn\u0119ka s\u0105 \u017ale wyr\u00f3wnane, co powoduje wyp\u0142ywanie. W formach wielogniazdowych, je\u015bli prowadnice i bramy nie s\u0105 zaprojektowane w odpowiedni spos\u00f3b, nier\u00f3wnomierne si\u0142y nape\u0142niania r\u00f3wnie\u017c spowoduj\u0105 wyp\u0142yw. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2464 Liczba bramek jest zbyt ma\u0142a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-solution-0\">Rozwi\u0105zanie: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2776 Poprawa precyzji przetwarzania i pogrubienie p\u0142yty formy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2777 Dostosuj lokowanie produktu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2778 Poprawa precyzji przetwarzania i zwi\u0119kszenie precyzji testowania formy; poprawa precyzji monta\u017cu formy przy u\u017cyciu czerwonego lub niebieskiego o\u0142owiu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2779 Poprawa precyzji przetwarzania i zwi\u0119kszenie precyzji testowania formy; poprawa precyzji monta\u017cu formy przy u\u017cyciu czerwonego lub niebieskiego o\u0142owiu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u277a Zwi\u0119kszenie liczby bramek lub zmiana ich po\u0142o\u017cenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u0142ysk spowodowany tym czynnikiem wi\u0105\u017ce si\u0119 z uk\u0142adem kana\u0142\u00f3w w projekcie formy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe informacje mo\u017cna znale\u017a\u0107 w artykule \"<a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/guides\/mold-runner\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Konstrukcja Mold Runner<\/strong><\/a>.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-reasonable-runner-design-to-solve-flash-problems\">Rozs\u0105dna konstrukcja runnera do rozwi\u0105zywania problem\u00f3w z lampami b\u0142yskowymi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>2.1 D\u0105\u017cenie do r\u00f3wnowagi i symetrii<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2776 Wszystkie wn\u0119ki powinny by\u0107 wype\u0142niane jednocze\u015bnie w tej samej temperaturze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. U\u017cywaj zr\u00f3wnowa\u017conego uk\u0142adu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"399\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/A-balanced-layout-to-avoid-burrs.webp\" alt=\"Zr\u00f3wnowa\u017cony uk\u0142ad zapobiegaj\u0105cy powstawaniu zadzior\u00f3w\" class=\"wp-image-19380\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/A-balanced-layout-to-avoid-burrs.webp 1000w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/A-balanced-layout-to-avoid-burrs-300x120.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/A-balanced-layout-to-avoid-burrs-768x306.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/A-balanced-layout-to-avoid-burrs-18x7.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Zr\u00f3wnowa\u017cony uk\u0142ad zapobiegaj\u0105cy powstawaniu zadzior\u00f3w<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>b. Niezbalansowany uk\u0142ad mo\u017ce osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 r\u00f3wnowag\u0119 poprzez dostosowanie rozmiaru bramki<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"521\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Non-balanced-layout-can-achieve-balance-by-adjusting-the-gate-size.webp\" alt=\"Niezbalansowany uk\u0142ad mo\u017ce osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 r\u00f3wnowag\u0119 poprzez dostosowanie rozmiaru bramki.\" class=\"wp-image-19381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Non-balanced-layout-can-achieve-balance-by-adjusting-the-gate-size.webp 1000w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Non-balanced-layout-can-achieve-balance-by-adjusting-the-gate-size-300x156.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Non-balanced-layout-can-achieve-balance-by-adjusting-the-gate-size-768x400.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Non-balanced-layout-can-achieve-balance-by-adjusting-the-gate-size-18x9.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2777 Balans bramki<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"241\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Gate-balance-to-avoid-burrs-in-injection-molding.webp\" alt=\"Wywa\u017cenie bramy w celu unikni\u0119cia zadzior\u00f3w podczas formowania wtryskowego\" class=\"wp-image-19382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Gate-balance-to-avoid-burrs-in-injection-molding.webp 1000w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Gate-balance-to-avoid-burrs-in-injection-molding-300x72.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Gate-balance-to-avoid-burrs-in-injection-molding-768x185.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Gate-balance-to-avoid-burrs-in-injection-molding-18x4.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wywa\u017cenie bramy w celu unikni\u0119cia zadzior\u00f3w podczas formowania wtryskowego<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2778 Symetryczny uk\u0142ad du\u017cych i ma\u0142ych produkt\u00f3w<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"412\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Symmetrical-arrangement-to-avoid-burrs.webp\" alt=\"Symetryczny uk\u0142ad w celu unikni\u0119cia zadzior\u00f3w\" class=\"wp-image-19383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Symmetrical-arrangement-to-avoid-burrs.webp 1000w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Symmetrical-arrangement-to-avoid-burrs-300x124.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Symmetrical-arrangement-to-avoid-burrs-768x316.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Symmetrical-arrangement-to-avoid-burrs-18x7.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Symetryczny uk\u0142ad w celu unikni\u0119cia zadzior\u00f3w<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2779 R\u00f3wnowaga si\u0142y formy, tj. \u015brodek ci\u015bnienia wtrysku pokrywa si\u0119 ze \u015brodkiem g\u0142\u00f3wnego kana\u0142u, aby zapobiec zap\u0142onowi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.2 Prowadnica powinna by\u0107 jak najkr\u00f3tsza, aby zmniejszy\u0107 ilo\u015b\u0107 odpad\u00f3w, cykl formowania i straty ciep\u0142a. Uk\u0142ad typu H jest lepszy ni\u017c uk\u0142ad pier\u015bcieniowy lub symetryczny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.3 W przypadku produkt\u00f3w o wysokiej precyzji liczba wn\u0119k powinna by\u0107 jak najmniejsza. Dodanie jednego wg\u0142\u0119bienia zmniejsza precyzj\u0119 produktu o 4%. Liczba wn\u0119k dla form precyzyjnych zazwyczaj nie przekracza 4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.4 Ten sam kolor, ten sam materia\u0142.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.5 Kompaktowa konstrukcja, oszcz\u0119dno\u015b\u0107 materia\u0142\u00f3w stalowych<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.6 Du\u017cy blisko, ma\u0142y daleko<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"466\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Big-near-small-far-layout.webp\" alt=\"Du\u017cy uk\u0142ad blisko, ma\u0142y uk\u0142ad daleko\" class=\"wp-image-19384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Big-near-small-far-layout.webp 1000w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Big-near-small-far-layout-300x140.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Big-near-small-far-layout-768x358.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Big-near-small-far-layout-18x8.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>2.7 Podobna wysoko\u015b\u0107<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.8 Du\u017ce blisko, ma\u0142e daleko, dopasowanie do luk<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Large-near-small-far-fitting-in-gaps.webp\" alt=\"Du\u017cy blisko, ma\u0142y daleko, pasuj\u0105cy do luk\" class=\"wp-image-19385\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Large-near-small-far-fitting-in-gaps.webp 1000w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Large-near-small-far-fitting-in-gaps-300x158.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Large-near-small-far-fitting-in-gaps-768x403.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Large-near-small-far-fitting-in-gaps-18x9.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>2.9 Dla tego samego produktu, du\u017cy blisko, ma\u0142y daleko<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"413\" src=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/For-the-same-product-big-near-small-far.webp\" alt=\"Dla tego samego produktu, du\u017cy blisko, ma\u0142y daleko\" class=\"wp-image-19386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/For-the-same-product-big-near-small-far.webp 1000w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/For-the-same-product-big-near-small-far-300x124.webp 300w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/For-the-same-product-big-near-small-far-768x317.webp 768w, https:\/\/firstmold.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/For-the-same-product-big-near-small-far-18x7.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dla tego samego produktu, du\u017cy blisko, ma\u0142y daleko<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>2.10 Dobra przetwarzalno\u015b\u0107<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-injection-process-factors\">3. Czynniki procesu wtrysku<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-analysis-1\">Analiza:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460 Zbyt wysokie ci\u015bnienie wtrysku lub zbyt du\u017ca pr\u0119dko\u015b\u0107 wtrysku. Ze wzgl\u0119du na wysokie ci\u015bnienie i du\u017c\u0105 pr\u0119dko\u015b\u0107, si\u0142a otwarcia formy wzrasta, co prowadzi do przepe\u0142nienia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461 Przekarmienie prowadzi do b\u0142ysku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2462 Temperatura cylindra, dyszy jest zbyt wysoka lub <a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/guides\/mold-temperature\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>temperatura formy<\/strong><\/a> jest zbyt wysoka, co mo\u017ce zmniejszy\u0107 lepko\u015b\u0107 tworzywa sztucznego, zwi\u0119kszy\u0107 p\u0142ynno\u015b\u0107 i spowodowa\u0107 zap\u0142on podczas p\u0142ynnego wlewania do formy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2463 Czas wstrzymania jest zbyt d\u0142ugi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-solution-1\">Rozwi\u0105zanie: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2776 Zmniejszy\u0107 ci\u015bnienie i pr\u0119dko\u015b\u0107 wtrysku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2777 Zmniejszenie ilo\u015bci materia\u0142u, wa\u017cenie z wyprzedzeniem lub stopniowe zmniejszanie wagi w trakcie <a href=\"https:\/\/firstmold.com\/pl\/guides\/what-is-mold-trial\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>pr\u00f3ba ple\u015bni<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2778 Obni\u017cenie temperatury cylindra, dyszy i formy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2779 Skr\u00f3cenie czasu wstrzymania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-injection-machine-factors\">4. Czynniki maszyny wtryskowej<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-analysis-2\">Analiza:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460 Si\u0142a zacisku urz\u0105dzenia jest niewystarczaj\u0105ca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461 Regulacja urz\u0105dzenia zaciskowego jest s\u0142aba, mechanizm prze\u0142\u0105czaj\u0105cy nie jest wyprostowany, co powoduje nier\u00f3wnomierne zaciskanie w lewo, w prawo lub na g\u00f3rze i na dole, s\u0142aba r\u00f3wnoleg\u0142o\u015b\u0107 formy powoduje, \u017ce jedna strona jest mocno zaci\u015bni\u0119ta, a druga nie, co powoduje b\u0142ysk podczas wtrysku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2462 Powa\u017cne zu\u017cycie pier\u015bcienia kontrolnego, awaria spr\u0119\u017cyny dyszy spr\u0119\u017cynowej, nadmierne zu\u017cycie b\u0119bna lub \u015blimaka, awaria uk\u0142adu ch\u0142odzenia w porcie podawania, powoduj\u0105ca \"mostkowanie\", niewystarczaj\u0105ce podawanie materia\u0142u. Dodatkowo, niewymiarowa podk\u0142adka buforowa mo\u017ce r\u00f3wnie\u017c przyczyni\u0107 si\u0119 do tego problemu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-solution-2\">Rozwi\u0105zanie: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2776 Wymiana na wtryskark\u0119 o wi\u0119kszym tona\u017cu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2777 Sprawd\u017a zacisk, napraw lub wymie\u0144 na czas, je\u015bli to konieczne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2778 Wymie\u0144 cz\u0119\u015bci wtrysku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Typowy przypadek lampy b\u0142yskowej<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-case-analysis-router-housing-flash\">Analiza przypadku - Router Housing Flash<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Poni\u017cszy obraz przedstawia obudow\u0119 wyprodukowan\u0105 przez firm\u0119 wykorzystuj\u0105c\u0105 materia\u0142 PC. Jak zaobserwowano, b\u0142ysk jest niewielki i mie\u015bci si\u0119 w dopuszczalnych granicach. Jednak klient, z pewnych powod\u00f3w, poprosi\u0142 o przej\u015bcie na materia\u0142 PBT. Po zmianie materia\u0142u pojawi\u0142 si\u0119 b\u0142ysk, a rozwi\u0105zanie tego problemu w ramach procesu stanowi\u0142o wyzwanie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-reason-analysis-and-improvement-measures\">Analiza przyczyn i \u015brodki poprawy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wyp\u0142ywka w tym przypadku jest g\u0142\u00f3wnie spowodowana wyp\u0142ywk\u0105 produktu wynikaj\u0105c\u0105 z wymiany materia\u0142u w ramach pierwotnej kontroli procesu formowania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-mold-related-causes\">Przyczyny zwi\u0105zane z ple\u015bni\u0105:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Struktura produktu w tym przypadku jest prosta i wykorzystuje pojedynczy boczny punkt wtrysku. Poprzednio stosowanym materia\u0142em by\u0142 PC, a ustawienia procesu formowania i otw\u00f3r formy by\u0142y zgodne z wymaganiami dotycz\u0105cymi materia\u0142u PC. Warto\u015b\u0107 przelewu (szeroko\u015b\u0107 odpowietrznika) dla materia\u0142u PC wynosi 0,06 mm, podczas gdy dla materia\u0142u PBT jest mniejsza i wynosi 0,02 mm. Por\u00f3wnuj\u0105c dane, wida\u0107 wyra\u017anie, \u017ce je\u015bli forma jest zaprojektowana na 0,06 mm, PBT wytworzy b\u0142ysk w obszarach, w kt\u00f3rych wcze\u015bniej nie wyst\u0119powa\u0142 PC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-measures-to-solve-the-above-problem\">\u015arodki maj\u0105ce na celu rozwi\u0105zanie powy\u017cszego problemu:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Podczas otwierania formy nale\u017cy przestrzega\u0107 prawid\u0142owej warto\u015bci przelewu, w przeciwnym razie nale\u017cy zmodyfikowa\u0107 form\u0119.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Uwaga:<\/strong> W tym przypadku, mimo \u017ce materia\u0142y PBT i PC r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 p\u0142ynno\u015bci\u0105 i temperatur\u0105 wtrysku, r\u00f3\u017cnica w warto\u015bci przelewu jest faktem. Dlatego przy wymianie materia\u0142\u00f3w i projektowaniu form nale\u017cy w pe\u0142ni uwzgl\u0119dni\u0107 ten wp\u0142yw, poniewa\u017c dostosowanie procesu mo\u017ce by\u0107 trudne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-in-conclusion\">Podsumowuj\u0105c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u0142ysk jest jedn\u0105 z najcz\u0119stszych wad formowania wtryskowego. Fabryka formowania wtryskowego, kt\u00f3ra jest w stanie doskonale unika\u0107 lub rozwi\u0105zywa\u0107 problemy z wyp\u0142ywkami, jest firm\u0105 o dobrej jako\u015bci procesu. Co wi\u0119cej, wiele plastikowych cz\u0119\u015bci mo\u017ce napotka\u0107 wiele problem\u00f3w jednocze\u015bnie. Dlatego znajomo\u015b\u0107 projektowania strukturalnego, projektowania form, testowania pr\u00f3bek, analizy i rozwi\u0105zywania problem\u00f3w, a tak\u017ce zapewnienie wygl\u0105du i w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci materia\u0142u, s\u0105 niezb\u0119dnymi umiej\u0119tno\u015bciami dla ka\u017cdego praktyka w bran\u017cy formowania wtryskowego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je\u015bli masz jakiekolwiek pytania dotycz\u0105ce lampy b\u0142yskowej, skontaktuj si\u0119 z nami pod adresem <a>firstmold88@gmail.com<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zrozumienie wady b\u0142ysku w formowaniu wtryskowym, rozpocz\u0119cie od projektu produktu i kontrolowanie ka\u017cdego etapu projektowania formy i produkcji form.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":31388,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[51,63],"class_list":["post-19377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tips","tag-injection-molding","tag-injection-molding-defects"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.3 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Flash In Injection Molding<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Understand the flash defect in injection molding, start from product design, and control each step of mold design and molding production.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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